Lemon pepper is simply a combination of two popular flavoring agents: lemon and black pepper. The point in history at which these two spices were first combined is unknown. As with many simple seasoning blends, the identity of the inventor was never documented and has been lost to history; however, both the lemon and the black peppercorn originated in India. It is not unreasonable to think that they were first combined and used as a seasoning blend there (or elsewhere in the east) as well.

Both lemon zest and black pepper are used in a number of Indian dishes.

Lemon pepper has long been used as a flavoring for fish. It can be sprinkled onto salmon before grilling or used to make a compound butter for lobster or other seafood.

It is also popular for use on pasta and on chicken wings. Lemon pepper wings have become a staple in the southern United States, especially in the city of Atlanta.